Bullying-Literary Review Free Essays

The abstract audit takes a gander at various perspectives identified with the exploration theme. The initial segment of the part takes a gander at characterizing and distinguishing key parts of harassing. It takes a gander at the general event of harassing and the investigates that show the degree of tormenting in the various pieces of the world. We will compose a custom article test on Harassing Literary Review or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now The area at that point harps on the various sorts of tormenting and how it can influence the people in question. One of the key parts of harassing in the cutting edge world, digital tormenting is additionally rewarded in this area. The various qualities and components engaged with harassing are blessed to receive comprehend the marvel of tormenting. The area at that point takes a gander at the various speculations that could clarify the tormenting conduct. A significant area of this segment is the job of instructors in by and large tormenting situation. It likewise talks about the distinctive intercession strategies as of now utilized. The second segment of section manages the second part of harassing, to be specific, sympathy. It takes a gander at the definition and chronicled advancement of sympathy. It additionally takes a gander at the angles identified with the definition and how it is separated from other comparative terms frequently utilized. The segment additionally investigates the utilization of compassion in related fields of human services. The segment explicitly looks that explores done on the connection among tormenting and sympathy too. The segment at last glances at compassion according to educators. Tormenting Defining harassing Smith, P. K. et al (2000) characterizes tormenting as a type of withdrawn conduct that is found in schools, neighborhoods and homes. Olweus, D. (1986, 1993) characterizes being harassed or deceived as the accompanying: â€Å"A individual is tormented when the person is uncovered more than once and after some time to contrary activities with respect to at least one other persons†. Olweus includes the negative and unsafe factor of harassing to the definition. Richter, N. (2005) characterizes tormenting in the accompanying way: â€Å"A menace is an individual who harms or intimidates the individuals who are more fragile. Bully intends to threaten with brutal, harsh looks and talk†. American Medical Association characterizes tormenting as a negative conduct that includes an example of rehashed animosity against the person in question, conscious plan to hurt or upset in spite of clear pain of the person in question and a genuine or saw irregularity of intensity with the more influential individual or gathering assaulting a truly or mentally defenseless casualty. Richter and AMA include the factor of lopsidedness of influence to the meaning of tormenting. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders characterizes harassing as mental issue that is portrayed by a dull and persevering example of conduct in which either the essential privileges of the casualty is disregarded. The marvel of harassing is described by three significant angles: (1) A forceful conduct or deliberate conduct to bring hurt (2) It is done more than once and after some time, (3) the between close to home relationship is portrayed by an irregularity of intensity. Regularly harassing is found to occur with no clear incitement. Consequently tormenting can be considered as a type of misuse. This is essentially at a friend level and can be named as a companion misuse. The Prevalence of Bullying among the youngsters is found to regularly happen at school or during their way to the school. As kids don't have a choice of changing the earth by not being in the school, the vast majority of them can't abstain from harassing. An examination directed by US Department of Education and Justice in 1999 showed that right around 1 million understudies (4%) who are matured somewhere in the range of 12 and 18 years detailed dread of being assaulted or hurt in the school region. About 5% announced that they stayed away from at least one spots in the school wile 13% revealed that they were focuses of language of loathe. The National Threat Assessment Center found that multiple thirds of the assailants associated with 37 shootings did the assault for delivering retribution for occurrences in their lives when they felt mistreated, harassed, compromised, assaulted or harmed by others. It was discovered that presentation to harassing at school assumed a significant job in persuading the majority of the culprits to take up brutality. (AMA, 2002) Studies directed by Olweus in Norway and Sweden with 150,000 understudies who are from grades one to nine showed that 15% of the understudies detailed of being associated with menace or casualty issues a few times inside a three to multi month term. Around 9 level of the understudies announced that they had been tormented by their companions a few times and around 7 level of the understudies demonstrated that they harassed others. Around 2 level of understudies revealed that they were tormented just as they harassed different understudies. Studies in Europe and United States have demonstrated more elevated level of harassing among the kids and the young. In an examination that included 6,500 understudies who are between the fourth grade and the sixth grade in South Carolina, around 23 level of the understudies announced of being tormented a few times during the three months and 9 percent detailed of being casualty of exceptionally visit harassing, which was qualified as once per week or more. Around one of every five detailed that they menace different understudies a few times during the time of the investigation. An examination directed by Nansel with portrayal of around 15,600 understudies from sixth to tenth grades gave comparative outcomes. Seventeen percent of the understudies contemplated showed that they tormented in some cases during the school term and 19 percent revealed harassing others all the more regularly. Six percent of the full example announced both harassing and having been tormented. Many considered have discovered that the paces of tormenting decline consistently through the basic evaluations, for example, the investigation led by Melton, Nansel appears. An examination directed by Olweus on around 10,000 Norwegian investigations demonstrated that the paces of exploitation were twice as high among the fourth grade understudies when contrasted with the tenth grade. Nansel found that around one fourth of the understudies in the sixth grade announced being harassed during the current school term which was short of what one tenth of the tenth graders. (AMA, 2002) The most effective method to refer to Bullying-Literary Review, Papers

Mary Shelley present Frankenstein Essay

‘Frankenstein’ was written in 1812 by a lady called Mary Shelley, at 19 years old, this shows she is canny on the grounds that to compose such a novel with such a great amount of comprehension at a youthful age shows that she was a committed female writer who concentrated hard. From the start when I knew about the novel ‘Frankenstein’ I straight away idea most assuredly that it was a man who composed this novel, on the grounds that initially it was a repulsiveness story so that in a split second clicked in my brain to feel that it was a man however I was extremely stunned to discover that the creator of the novel was really a ladies. This appeared to be exceptionally bizarre to me in light of the fact that right off the bat around then female writers were less all around thought of than male writers and furthermore regardless of whether female journalists composed books you would anticipate that them should be all fancy and comfortable sort however for a ladies to compose a novel with such creative mind, imagination and underhanded considerations appeared to be extremely unordinary with the fundamental certainty that she was a ladies. This again indicated she was exceptionally canny. She likewise didn’t put her name on the book for a long time, this was a result of the way that referenced before about female essayists being less idea of than male authors. I accept that she done this on the grounds that during that time there may have been a ton of sexism and she accepted that in the event that she put her name on the book than many individuals might not have gotten it since she was a female and when she put her name on the book I am certain that many individuals were stunned to hear that it was composed by a ladies. She presumably had an imperative impact in raising the certainty of female scholars and broke the stop for every female creator. The epic was about a youthful eager researcher who is quick to demonstrate that he can make life. The researchers name is Victor Frankenstein. He achieved his crucial everything he could ever hope for about this being were squashed when he understood what a beast he had made. Frankenstein fled from the beast and left it to an existence of depression. The beast figured out how to talk and read and before long found Victor Frankenstein. Subsequent to being dealt with seriously by people the beast made them thing at the forefront of his thoughts which was vengeance. The epic beginnings with a letter from Robert Walton a traveler, to his sister. He is getting ready to go on his way to his ideal goal the North Pole. He is an exceptionally driven man and he needs to go on this endeavor on the grounds that no man has ever walked there. Walton composes: â€Å"Never before engraved by the foot of man† Walton additionally needs to be the man who finds the course toward the North Pole in light of the fact that around then there was no course to this region of the world. This shows that he was so edgy to go there and his desire. He prepared his body for the endeavor and Walton lets us know: ‘I intentionally persevered through chilly, starvation, thirst and of need of sleep’ This demonstrates his assurance and how genuine he was about his endeavor.

The Interior Monologue of Gregorio Samsa from Franz Kafka's novel, The Essay

The Interior Monolog of Gregorio Samsa from Franz Kafka's tale, The Metamorphosis - Essay Example Notwithstanding, I know accept that numerous individuals in the town assumed a noteworthy job â€Å" OOH, for what reason are such a significant number of individuals, including my folks and family carrying on with an existence of need, for what reason does the general public seem to make financial divisions, I have never truly had cash. I need to constantly meet the money related requirements of relatives, who I didn't sire in any case, Could it be that past occasions are against my prosperity and development as an individual. How might I be able to ever know, since I am creepy crawly with no cerebrum or scholarly force? I disdain my family and wish that I had an alternate dad. How might they have deserted me subsequent to transforming into a creepy crawly? Their mentality is suggestive of pulverizing a moth once it outlasts its helpfulness; I am so burnt out on them By and by, my psyche can't dispose of the idea that my family surrendered me in the wake of changing into a creepy crawly. I think I need to acknowledge the confinement so as to push ahead. Why have they secured me a room alone? Is it conceivable that they are presently a disgraced of me? Obviously, I have no expectation, I am lost, If my family can assault me for appearing in an open occasion, what else are they equipped for doing. I solidly accept that my family not, at this point discover me valuable due to the change. I feel sorry for the sadness, disgrace and blended emotions felt by individuals like me. Their lives are unfilled, vacant, vacant. No good thing can be concluded from it. Numerous individuals, particularly, all bugs live void lives with no commitment to the general public. For what reason would it be a good idea for me to stress? My depression applies to all bugs and numerous individuals in the general public, once more, for what reason would it be a good idea for me to stress? I accept that deserting is a portrayal of individuals or creepy crawlies who were victimized as a result of their ethnic foundations. Despite my dejection, I need to mind my own business. I can't stand my bombastic family and their ravenousness. Why don’t they esteem me as they did previously? I need to remove

Colonization and Civilization on a Desert Island through Robinson Crusoe’s Eyes - Literature Essay Samples

Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe is an interesting and attention grabbing work of the 17th century based on the issues it depicts, especially the presence of colonization. During this time empiricism permeated literature. This novel shows the happenings in Crusoe’s life as they are real, therefore the reader can feel as he or she is actually involved in them and those are not only delivered through the book. Robinson is the main character, who lives for one aim: sailing. Although he wants to gain newer and newer experiences, he cannot deny his cultural roots in connection with the English society’s point of view about civilization and colonization. During reading, the reader is able to realize the attempts of the protagonist to civilize and to colonize, starting with the domestication of animals, proving it through all of his relationships appeared and maintained in the novel. It is interesting to examine these previously mentioned phenomena of civilization and col onization as a lot of people would see an opposition between them. That is why I am going to analyze the novel based on the process and manifestations of colonization (the process of occupying territories for one’s own nation, strongly connected to imperialism) that Crusoe provides us; also paying attention to whether the civilizing process stands strictly in connection with colonization or not. First of all, the most conspicuous issue is the attempt of domestication. Whether it is the question of tradition or the society someone comes from, it represents civilization. Thus domestication could be understood as the first step that leads to where civilization bounds with colonization. Therefore, even if there is a kind of opposition between civilizing and colonizing, they overlap. Especially, if we consider the differences based on skin color, not to mention the presence of unjust slavery. These are strongly connected to how Crusoe embodies the traditional view of superiority based on his own society. Furthermore, civilization can lead to colonization. These two phenomena do not just overlap, but one follows the other based on historical knowledge and based on Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness. Throughout history it was proven that white societies, like England started to enforce their own will and â€Å"civilize† the less developed ones. According to McInelly, Crusoe also realizes his power on the island: â€Å"the colonial setting facilitates Crusoe’s individualism as he comes to recognize the unique place he occupies as a British Protestant in a world in which he is surrounded by religious and cultural Others† (McInelly 2). This demonstrates the real presence of superiority and inferiority between different nations. People from different ethnic groups get different treatment from the others. The aim is colonization and the cover story is bringing civilization. Crusoe is part of the developed culture that accepts slavery. Thus, his identity and indivi dualism as a definition are mixed with his society’s perspective. Not to mention that Crusoe appears here as a prototype of English colonizer. Moreover, what are really important in connection with this viewpoint about the novel are the opposites: society against individualism, identity against slavery and civilization against colonization. Interpreting the first two pairs, they can stand closely in connection with materialism, mercantilism and religion. Society is the one thing that defines traditions and people’s roles. How society thinks about civilizing the â€Å"savages† and colonizing other parts of the world partly defines how individuals do the same. Another good question is the role of money within the novel. What is interesting is that critics do not seem to care about it or do not think about the definition of mercantilism, though these are fascinating features appearing throughout the whole book. The very fact that Crusoe cares about money reflects on how that era cared about it. Although the protagonist realizes that money has no value on a deserted island, in the back of his mind he also knows th at in England and in any market money is a useful resource: â€Å"upon Second Thoughts, I took it away† (Defoe qtd in Spielman 72). The other important issue in the novel is religion. Crusoe prays a lot of times during the novel, but whether he is religious in any ways or not, stays unclear. He turns to God when he needs something: â€Å"This was the first prayer, if I may call it so, that I had made for many years† (Defoe 106). Moving back to the question of religion, sometimes it looks like Crusoe tries to act as a God. It can partly refer to the little pieces of colonization that affected Crusoe’s dreamland as well. For example, in the case when Crusoe gives a name to Friday we see his superiority and power over the black person: â€Å"Crusoe transforms his island world through the agency of language, and particularlythrough a creative process of naming† (Novak qtd. in McInelly 5). Not to mention how politics affected Crusoe’s way of thinking after he recognized that on the island he could actually act like a king. His every move is concerned with the aftermath of the political institution created on the basis of his homeland. Furthermore, in a way Crusoe’s own development is also based on colonization. He recognizes his own self-importance and that is the end-product of English social norms at that time. Therefore, culture and society are also key terms here. The habits he inherits from his own nation, neither the presence of colonialism and imperialism cannot be denied. England as an empire was not famous for its purpose of welcoming or getting to know new cultures, it wanted to conquer. Going to the depth of this phenomenon, another interesting fact is that Crusoe left England to avoid the affects of Puritanism, yet on the island he creates almost the exact same features that he originally ran away from. He easily becomes the ruler of the uninhabited land by showing his strength, cleverness, wisdom and all the â€Å"values† he brought with himself from his mother nation. The above mentioned pair of society and individualism stands in connection with the British identity and the question of slavery as well as with the affects of colonization: The entire process of isolating the personal, religious, political, and even economic facets of a fictional subject’s life within an imagined colonial setting contributed directly to the features we know associate with the early novel: attention to individual character and particulars of day-to-day experience, and an intense exploration of the dynamics of selfhood. (McInelly 19) According to this quotation the reader can clearly see that selfhood is also represented by traditions and the characteristics of colonization. What is even more important is that though the protagonist represents one side of the coin only, both the colonized and the colonizer’s points of view are depicted. Also, to add another new point to this topic based on the previously mentioned factors, questioning the impact and the manifestations of colonization is also important. According to the novel, the very first act of civilizing some aspects of the land leads to an unavoidable chain reaction to start. People can argue whether the background massage of colonizing comes with advantages or disadvantages, the book somehow seems to lack or even neglect freedom in any way of its meaning. Considering the above mentioned phenomena, the naming process of Friday, the question of religion, the bringing of civilization through domestication and the presence of other society-related phenomena like carpentry; the reader can realize that these are all acts resulting in becoming aspects of the colonizing process itself. What is more, considering the beginning of the novel escapism on its individual form and the struggle with society appears. Of course, here these are totally different from their original meanings. The way Crusoe escapes from his family and from society brings up a goal: sailing and adventure. Later on, he is struggling with the requirements of his society; the result is actually the following: he colonizes not just the land, but also people and their identities. How he thinks about the differences between white and native or colonizer and colonized is based on owning and wanting to own or gain, whether it is land or its inhabitants is of no great importance: â€Å"I understood that my man Friday had formerly been among the savages† (Defoe 169). This refers to the idea that savages need to be civilized, even controlled by those who are superior. Crusoe also renames things; he calls the tent and the cave as cellar and house. It represents his property, also civilization and dem onstrates the work of human hands. From the cave he actually ends up with a kingdom. Crusoe’s journal also adds a few points to the list that describes how he created and developed his own territory and how it became the embodiment of colonization. This is what represents reality; it also refers to movement and an actual plot. It deals with Crusoe’s everyday life and gives the impression of being there, as well. It is divided into sections from which a few can be seen as milestones of successfully creating property. He also writes about Friday, his appearance and behavior. Friday is happy to serve him because this is the form of living he has known in his entire life. Crusoe’s relationships are questionable in a way that he makes differences based on skin colour and origin. Yet, he is capable of change, for example his feelings about Friday. At the beginning he simply asks for companionship, later on he starts to like him: â€Å"I began really to love the creature† (Defoe 216). Even though he is a divisive character, he demonstrates realit y in a form that everybody can understand. Name, freedom and language are key elements of owning one’s identity and Crusoe successfully oppresses these: â€Å"I began toteach him to speak to mehis name should be FridayI likewise thought him to say Master† (Defoe 209). Friday is the one who learns Crusoe’s language. This is also an important aspect of superiority. Crusoe uses the skills of his own society’s developed world, for example guns to overpower people and to force his own will in a way. Another good example is saving the white men with pleasure, in this occasion even killing is acceptable, not just for him but for God as well. He is craving for his fellow mates companionship: â€Å"I never felt so earnest, so strong a desire after the society of my fellow-creatures† (Defoe 192). The major matter is that Crusoe does these things silently, it is not conspicuous, and thus the readers have to search for evidence. All in all, Robinson Crusoe is an ambiguous character who evokes a multitude of topics. Within the novel, imperialism, civilization, colonization and capitalism appear to the reader as issues of all centuries. This is one of the reasons why Robinson Crusoe is a timeless reading. The novel is very reality-based in a sense, also shows culture and cultural expectations and roles based on concrete facts. All of the happenings and relationships in the island are influenced by the huge impact of British colonization. What is probably the most important factor here is not the process of colonization itself, but the impacts it has on different nations. Also the fact that through the novel everybody can replace the main character with himself or herself and explore the travels through an era based on colonization, so that we can realize the truth: a lot of issues are parts of today’s society as well; also the peculiar phenomenon that whenever a civilizing process takes place, there is some kind of a superiority accompanying it. Works Cited Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. London: Penguin Popular Classics, 1994. Print. David Wallace Spielman. â€Å"The Value of Money in Robinson Crusoe, Moll Flanders, and Roxana.† The Modern Language Review, vol. 107, no. 1, 2012, pp. 70-76. Web. 04 Apr. 2017. Defoe, Daniel. Robinson Crusoe. London: Penguin, 1985. Print. McInelly, Brett C. â€Å"Expanding Empires, Expanding Selves: Colonialism, the Novel, and Robinson Crusoe. â€Å"Studies in the Novel†, vol. 35, no. 1, 2003, pp. 1-21. Web. 04 Apr. 2017.

Pestel Analysis China Essay example - 812 Words

PESTEL -Political Recently China has made extraordinary efforts in modernizing legal and economical system aimed to stabilize the growth of the country; however China remains a strictly controlled country, where civil liberties, such as freedom of communication, religion practice and demonstration are severely limited. Major internal problems in China include growing corruption, increasing rural poverty and environmental degradation. China enjoys a strong relationship with the US and other western countries and is likely to increase its influence in the region due to its expanding economy. China has difficult relations with a number of neighbouring countries, such as Japan, Vietnam, North Korea and Tibet; in particular the†¦show more content†¦48% of the population in the target age group are female and although the gender equality has been in the past years a priority for the Chinese government, women still experience a significant status and income disparity. In average women with a university degree can earn as little as 75% of the salary of males with equivalent skills. Finally it should be noted that in China title and status are very important, as well as punctuality both professionally and socially. -Technological China has developed a number of industrial centres where transport, telecommunications and energy infrastructures are widely available. China has also demonstrated a widespread adoption of new technologies, for example mobile phone subscriptions has sharply increased to 461 million, compared to the 368 million land lines (CIA world factbook, 2008, [9]). The number of internet users has also peaked in 2007 to 162 million thanks to a comprehensive broadband network infrastructure based on submarine trunks, fibre-optic cables and satellite links, making China the third largest internet community after the European Union with 247 million and the US with 208 million. Although comparable in terms of population, China has got almost 3 times more internet users than India (60m). -Environmental The environmental policy is becoming one of the most critical issues for theShow MoreRelatedPestel Analysis on China1481 Words   |  6 Pagesfactor: If Nike wants to open international market such as China, the company would get disadvantages because every country will protect and priority for its domestic products. So, the company must find out exactly these requirements that the country require in Nike to overcome these barriers. International trade regulations The trade regulations in China are formulated in accordance with the Foreign Trade Law of the Peoples Republic of China in order to maintain foreign trade order and fair competitionRead MorePestel Analysis China1301 Words   |  6 Pagesstate. The people’s republic of China is a single party state governed by the communist party of China. 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Example Outline Sexual Abuse Essay - 1163 Words

Informative Speech Assignment: â€Å"Sexual Abuse† Speech 1000 Welch Example Outline Topic: Sexual abuse is a common and controversial issue that can happen to and or affect all of us. Purpose: To inform the audience about the effects sexual abuse can have, and why it matters. * Introduction I. Attention getter: Do you know a friend or family member who has been sexually abused? Or maybe you have experienced sexual abuse yourself? Are you aware of the psychological and developmental effects it can have on you or someone you may know? Chances are, you don’t—while sexual abuse is common, may people do not speak up, and the problem goes unrecognized. II. Motivation: It is important to know how our experiences affect us†¦show more content†¦(Source 2: expert testimony) (Transition: Now that you have a better understanding, let us examine the devastating effects abuse can have.) II. Victims of sexual abuse can and have experienced psychological and developmental issues. A. Pediatric Emergency Medicine reports that an estimated one in four girls and one in six have experienced some form of sexual abuse by the time they are 18 years old. (Source 3: Statistic) B. Sexual coercion has been linked to suicidal thoughts/attempts, depression, and alcohol use. From experience, I know that being sexually abused is like being the prey, waiting alone in the woods for the hunter to come along. Unfortunately for some, that hunter happens to live under the same roof, and alone in the woods, alone in my room, I felt like prey every time I heard his footsteps walking down the hall. This certainly led to suicidal thoughts, so I can relate to the findings of suicide attempts reporting among assault victims. (Analogy) C. School Psychology Quarterly reports an estimated 7.4% of U.S. students have been sexually assaulted, and those who had been abused reported more suicide attempts then those who have not. (Source 4: Statistic). 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The women’s who are affected by IPV are mainly due to remaining in an abusive relationship, culture and childhood sexual abuse are also seen as a risk factor of IPV. I will be portraying this issue from Marxists perspective and also using Marxist Feminists theories to relate to this issue to create a better understanding. The social issue- describe Domestic violence is

Management Technical Environment

Question: Discuss about the Management Technical Environment. Answer: Blockchain in Business Technology has significantly evolved in various sections, and major sectors that benefit from technological evolution are the financial and retail sectors. Blockchain is a combination of various technologies in one system coordinated to maintain an endless growing list of ordered records. Blockchain are designed to be complex such that they could be used by anyone to write any digital currency and at the same time not under any centralized power/control and they do not accept alteration once recorded. According to Nakamoto (2008), as quoted by Marvin Rob in his article on The Invisible Tech That Is Changing the World, Blockchain is said to be a database that combines different data structures like columns, rows or text to execute a command and uses the digital currencies. He finalizes by foreseeing Blockchain being employed in various aspects like in digital currencies, identity confirmation e.t.c. Iansiti and Lakhani (2007), Number of transactions is recorded between two different parties in a correct manner that is very efficient. Its description is an open distributable ledger that can trigger transactions automatically when programmed. They further illustrate that, businesses can significantly benefit if they choose to use Blockchain as part of running their businesses due to; The establishment and verification of identities and chronicles are enhanced by Blockchain. It's possible to set organizational boundaries, assets, especially data related, and security. Limitations of Block Chain Technology in Businesses The authors, Iansiti and Lakhani (2007), advise that block chain has also some of its limitations and any businesses investing in them should have precautions laid out to avoid running loses. Some of the limitations they mention include; technological barriers, governance, security threats by hackers, societal barriers and even internal organizational barriers. According to Sforzin et al., the Blockchain are not yet mature enough to be used in industries and mentions some of the limitations as being; privacy is not enhanced due to Blockchain depending on the already existing transactions and order of executions. They also mention the decentralization of block chain governance is not in a democratic set up hence not applicable to many businesses. Factors to Consider Before using Blockchain According to Iansiti and Lakhani (2007), various factors should be laid in place to ensure that the adoption and use of block chains in businesses are not to be regretted. These factors include the following; The use of transmission control/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) should be put in place to use the internet in connection with other software. The (TCP/IP) enables the establishment of messaging, robust data, voice and video connections which are secure and scaled up. The other benefits are it has allowed expansion of businesses that are internet driven and platform based i.e. Amazon online store. The gradual process of adoption of the Blockchain using some criteria/framework is the next factor to consider. These structures are embedded in four stages; Single use of the Blockchain, like in emails. It's possible to use both online currency and TCP/IP at this juncture. Is the localization stage, is where high novelty innovations with a limited number of users are engaged in value creation. Substitution framework, it aims in the replacement of the fundamental sales processes. Transformation framework, its successful if the first three are successful. It overhauls the whole system in social, economic and political systems and the implications are fascinating. References Iansiti, M. and Lakhani, K. (2007). The Truth About Block Chain. Harvard Business Review. Marvin, R. Block Chain:The Invisible Tech That Is Changing theWorld. Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A Peer to Peer Electronic Cash System Sforzin, A., Karame, G., Fedorov, S. and Li, W. Towards Scalable and Private Industrial Block chains

Should The Developed North Increase Aid To The Less Developed South E

Should The Developed North Increase Aid To The Less Developed South? Should The Developed North Increase Aid to the Less Developed South? The question at hand is not whether aid from the developed north should be given at all, but whether or not it should be increased to help ease the suffering of the developing countries in the south. Every country, whether rich or poor, should have compassion for the suffering. However, it is not the duty of the developed north to completely take care of every developing country. In the present, there are serious problems that need to be addressed dealing with how aid is given out: misuse of funds by governments, the corruption it creates, economies it destroys, lack of votes it buys at the United Nations, and finally the question of who has priority. Therefore, until these issues are dealt with in the near future, aid should be kept to a minimum. ? Response to Readings in Taking Sides James P. Grant, in his article favoring the increase of foreign aid to the developing south, notes that poverty in this world is a large problem that has continued to rise for years. It wasn?t until the 1960?s that the mobilization of medical help, better sanitation, clean water, money spent on education, and other measures began to save lives and make the quality of living better for millions. However, he also states that even though aid is being provided, it is still not enough, and leaders like the United States and the European community should take the initiative to donate and assist more each year just like the Japanese have done. The only problem with this statement is that both the European community and the United States are pressed for money. The European countries, especially leaders like Great Britain and Germany, have devoted much of their aid budgets towards helping other countries within their system grow stronger before the European system goes completely into full fo rce. Whereas the United States? budget deficit forces many government agencies, including the Agency for International Development(AID), to lose funding. Furthermore there is no reason to send billions of dollars over seas when northern countries like the United States and Great Britain currently face the highest levels of child poverty that either country has seen in over 25 years. In addition to poverty, other domestic problems such as rape, robberies, and murders in this country still exist. Until domestic issues are solved, any future increase in foreign aid should also be kept to a minimum. The purpose of a nation is to look after its own citizens to insure that they are free from harm, stay healthy, receive public utilities, and become educated. If protecting a nations? people require its country, for example, to send aid to an African country to help prevent the spread of HIV, then foreign aid is acceptable. However, if there is no immediate threat to US security, then aid and foreign involvement should be kept to a minimum. In other words, aid should only be offered when a clear gain for that country can be achieved. There are not enough resources to save the destitute and sick of the world out of compassion alone. Special interest groups such as Peace Corps, private donations, and volunteers serve the purpose of helping others. It is all right for a country to help provide these groups with the necessary resources required to carry out their missions safely; however, it is not the duty of a country to take care of all nations alone. As advocates of the no side, the editors of The Economist firmly believe that the north should not increase aid to the developing south on account of past misuse, unfair distribution of aid among countries, and lack of results. Furthermore, foreign aid does more than just ease the suffering of the impoverished. Health care expenditures account for only 2% of the entire aid budget as a study by the World Bank in 1988 showed. The rest of the 98% goes toward the financing of military campaigns to restore peace and help set up and keep new and existing democracies running, saving the environment, supporting economic development, and lastly to control population

James Polk 11th President Facts

James Polk 11th President Facts James K. Polk (1795-1849) served as Americas eleventh president. He was known as the dark horse as he was not expected to beat his opponent, Henry Clay. He served as president during a period of manifest destiny, overseeing the Mexican War and the entry of Texas as a state.   ere is a quick list of fast facts for James Polk. For more in depth information, you can also read the James Polk Biography.   Birth: November 2, 1795 Death: June 15, 1849 Term of Office: March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849 Number of Terms Elected: 1 Term First Lady: Sarah Childress James Polk Quote: No President who performs his duties faithfully and conscientiously can have any leisure.Additional James Polk Quotes Major Events While in Office: Oregon Treaty (1846) Mexican War (1846-1848) States Entering Union While in Office: Texas (1845) Iowa (1846)Wisconsin (1848) Significance:   James K. Polk increased the size of the US more than any other president other that Thomas Jefferson due to the acquisition of New Mexico and California after the   Mexican-American War. He also completed a treaty with England that resulted in the US gaining the  Oregon Territory. He was an  effective chief executive during the  Mexican-American War. Historians consider him to be the best one-term president. Related James Polk Resources: These additional resources on James Polk can provide you with further information about the president and his times. James Polk BiographyTake a more in depth look at the Eleventh president of the United States through this biography. Youll learn about his childhood, family, early career, and the major events of his administration. Chart of Presidents and Vice PresidentsThis informative chart gives quick reference information on the Presidents, Vice-Presidents, their terms of office and their political parties. Other Presidential Fast Facts: John TylerZachary TaylorList of American Presidents

Water resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Water resources - Essay Example The ever-growing population also plays a significant role in promoting the problem whereby, groundwater is sometimes polluted from sources on the surface (Franks, 2003). Human actions remain the biggest problem to water resources in three different ways: misuse, population growth and inequitable access. A more integrated and wider approach to water issues and policies remains important since water is a necessary resource. Lakes, rainwater, groundwater and even polluted water all come from a similar source. This means that global, national and the local actions towards solving the problem will be necessary and interdependent. Use of water in one system tends to alter water resources base or affect its users in different parts. In this case, fragmented bureaucracies must come up with coordinated decisions that reflect on individual agencies and responsibilities that are interpedently work together towards solving the problem (Franks, 2003). To help in resolving issues related to water resources, policy-makers must always be ready to review and explain problems and conditions related to the water sector. In this integrated approach, water managers must always understand the water cycle including ecosystem interactions, rainfall distribution and the natural environment (Franks, 2003). They must also be familiar with the diverse inter sectorial needs for water resources development. Franks, S. (2003). Water availability and global change. International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, General assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) & International symposium. Wallingford: IAHS

Authentic Assessment Project (AAP) - Organizational Ethics Issues Thesis

Authentic Assessment Project (AAP) - Organizational Ethics Issues - Thesis Example Ethics involves moral issues and choices, and influences daily decisions made by individuals and organizations. Following are the three ethical issues faced by most of organizations. An individual’s emotions and inner feelings may sometimes stop them from making any ethical decision. If the circumstances seems justified, the managers can think at ease when coming to a conclusion with regards to an ethical issue. â€Å"It is illegal to show favoritism against any individual when recruiting, hiring and promotion, transfer, work assignments, performance measurement, the work environment, job training, discipline and discharge, wages and benefits, or any other term, condition, or privilege of employment† (The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2008). To do unjustice makes the decision of hiring based on race harder for managers to make. Managers must put personal feeling aside. They need to consider others. They must not forget that their decision is not supposed to hurt anyone. They need to consider the well-being of their organization. If the company or anyone is being hurt by their decision, they will need to think again about their decision. To hire employees because of particular color or race hurts company and people more than it facilitates. Hiring decision should not be based on an individual’s skin color, religion, race or sex. (Jones, 375) Rather, it must take into consideration an individual’s qualification, performance, experience and skills. It is must for Managers to have confidence while taking decisions and stick by their decisions. After the issue of hiring has been evaluated involving all personal perspectives and beliefs, the manager must move on and come up with a decision to the issue. This may appear as the ultimate step in the process of ethical issues resolution. Diversity at t he place of work is valuable for an organization. Excessive executive bonuses have become an

Participation of Juveniles in Deviant Behavior Essay Example for Free

Participation of Juveniles in Deviant Behavior Essay From the very dawn of the formation of civil communities, some types of behavior had been classified as unlawful and had been discouraged. Even the earliest legislations had inflicted punishment for infringement of the extant laws, in wider interests of their society. This practice has continued to this day and it is common knowledge as to what does or does not constitute unacceptable or deviant behavior. Deviance has been described as the breach of the cultural standards and one such instance is crime. An important subset of crime is juvenile delinquency or crimes committed by juveniles. Juvenile deviant behavior occurs due to a number of causes and some of these are a disturbed home environment, difficulty in adjusting to the school environment that results in discontinuing school and in poor academic performance and associating with immoral persons. Traditionally, the perspective of criminology has been restricted to the contravention of laws laid down by society. On the other hand, research in the context of deviancy has adopted a much wider perspective and labels any abnormality that is socially prohibited as being deviant. Accordingly, the use of obscenities in speech, mingling with antisocial element and alcoholism constitute deviant behavior. In other words, the sociological approach to deviance encompasses the restricted perspective of traditional criminology (Deviant Behaviour , 1994). The various steps that culminate in the establishment of deviant identity are ignominy, social rejection, and membership of a subculture that is deviant and assumption of a deviant role. The assumption is that social processes act in such a manner that the individual is compelled to assume a deviant role, because of the exclusion of the more conventional positions. The result of the adoption of such a deviant role is that the individual may become a member of a deviant subculture and may eventually adorn the role of permanent deviancy (Deviant Behaviour , 1994). Some of the major causes for socially deviant behavior amongst juveniles have been identified, by researchers, as childhood abuse, neglect and trauma. The abuse of narcotic substances has been considered to be the root cause of trauma in juveniles and most of the juveniles in detention were either addicted to drugs or had been addicted to drugs prior to incarceration. Furthermore, poverty has been found to be closely associated with violent crime and homicide. It was observed in many ghettos in the US that the crime rate was on the increase wherever there was economic deprivation, whereas there was a reduction in crime rates in areas located outside these ghettos (Blank, 1997. P. 47). It had been opined by the chief of the child development and behavior branch of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development or the NIH that crime, pregnancy amongst teenagers, discontinuation of school and substandard academic performance were caused by the lack of adequate reading skills. Moreover, various research projects that had been conducted in the past, had established that a dearth of reading skills had a direct bearing on the proliferation of juvenile delinquency (Hodges, Giuliotti, Porpotage, 1994). In 1951, a survey conducted by Melvin Roman, revealed that approximately eighty  ¬Ã¢â‚¬â€œ five percent of those who were receiving treatment in the clinic attached to the New York City Children’s Court, had impaired reading skills. It was also stated by many authorities that detained juveniles were invariably characterized by academic achievement that was unsatisfactory (Hodges, Giuliotti, Porpotage, 1994). Economic deprivation produces a variety of deviant behavior in juveniles, who fall victim to anger, apathy, ignorance and desperation. Ignorance prevents juveniles from taking advantage of the education system to obtain skills that could prove to be adequately remunerative and this in turn results in discontinuation of schooling. Moreover, some of these juveniles might have parents who indulge in the abuse of drugs and this could embolden them to undertake risks that could prove fatal, in order to experience pleasure for a small duration of time.

Nuestra Familia Essay -- Violence

A gang is an organized group with a recognized leader whose activities are either criminal or, at the very least, threatening to the community. (Walker, 2011) Throughout history there have been some infamous gangs that have gotten media attention and others that have gone under the radar. One of the more underground gang structures are prison gangs. The Nuestra Familia may not be in the news as much anymore compared to other gangs, but they are nothing to be taken lightly. Prison gangs have been around since the late 20th century and only seem to be getting stronger if nothing is going to be done to prevent them. Gangs in prison have members in and out of prison. One of the more popular gangs that has been gaining steam recently is the mainly Hispanic gang La Nuestra Familia. The purpose of this paper is to write about the history of the NF, the structure in which it operates, and some good preventative tactics that could prevent prison gangs from becoming stronger. Nuestra Familia (NF, Spanish for Our Family) was created in the late 1960’s at the Soledad Correction Training Facility in California. (NF 2011) Nuestra Familia was created because some of the Spanish inmates had gotten tired of the abuse handed out by the Mexican Mafia to fellow Mexicans. (Nuestra Family (2011)) Nuestra Familia was created as protection from the Mexican Mafia for young Mexican-American from rural areas. The first members of Nuestra Familia were strictly from Northern or Central California. (NF 2011) The all-out prison war between the Mexican Mafia and Nuestra Familia occurred in 1968 when Sonny Pena was stabbed to death by a member of the Mexican Mafia at San Quentin state prison. The recruitment for the two gangs split California in two. ... ...reventionservices.org/nf.asp Nuestra familia . (2001, March 15). Retrieved from http://www.gangs187.com/lanuestrafamilia.html Geniella, M. Us ca: inside pelican bay. (2009, February 05). Retrieved from http://www.mapinc.org/drugnews/v01/n707/a04.html Morales, G. (2007). Nuestra Familia. Retrieved from http://www.gangpreventionservices.org/nf.asp Nuestra Familia. (2005). Retrieved from http://prisonoffenders.com/nuestra_familia.html Nuestra Familia. (2011). The History Channel website. Retrieved 2:17, December 4, 2011, from http://www.history.com/shows/gangland/articles/nuestra-familia. The History Channel. (Producer) (2008). Blood in, blood out [Television series episode]. In Gangland. New York: History. Retrieved from Reynolds, J. (2008, July 1). Nuestra familia: Our family. Retrieved from http://www.nuestrafamiliaourfamily.com/pages/glossary.html

Effect of Rapid Urbanization on Housing

THE IMPACT OF RAPID URBANIZATION ON HOUSING DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA FROM 1950 -2010 (Focus on urban developments and housing problems case study: Lagos) Urbanization according to Aluko O. E is rather subjective and can be given various interpretations. However in this concept it can be defined as the expansion of the number of people living in an urban area that depicts the rate at which people move from rural areas and populate the urban areas.Reports however, from the united nation show that the population at the urban centres has multiplied four times its initial growth since 1960 and would have risen to a projected number of about 5 billion in the year 2030. Report also has it that over 70 per cent of these populations would settle in cities and towns. Following independence, many administrative centres experienced major unplanned rapid urbanization .The ripple effect of these on cities being the core of urban development is enormous especially on the housing development which has eventually resulted in overcrowding, inadequate dwellings, deplorable urban environment, degrading public infrastructure, and to an extreme, â€Å"outright homelessness† (Adesoji David Jiboye, 2011) . Nonetheless, According to Femi Olokesusi, 2011 quoting Onibokun et. al. 1987) and Onibolun and Kumuyi (1999), assert that various political and socio-economic factors have resulted in rapid growth of urban population resulting in informal settlements, poor housing and slums in Nigeria. The rate of influx of people into major cities has been so high that the pace of settlement development and housing provision could not accommodate them. Since they must have shelter, all forms of informal procedures are adopted to provide housing. This has resulted in non-compliance with physical planning regulations and development control standards.Thus there have been cases of incompatibility of land use activities, overcrowding (due to high occupancy ratio, high density of development), poor construction standards (due to use of substandard building materials and construction methods), and ill-serviced dwelling Units, among others. The impact of rapid population growth however, on urban development and conditions is far more than merely a demographic or quantitative one especially on housing development as a whole which is a direct consequence of the push of the rural areas and the pull of the town.Current studies however indicate that the impact of rapid urbanization in terms of housing is revealed both in its quantity and quantity such that the little number of available houses is being overloaded infrastructurally and spatially leading to a reduction in the level of comfort and a rapid development in the number of slums being created and the level of substandard houses being built in an unplanned and unhealthy environment.However, the level of impact on the adequacy of housing has been compounded particularly by the high rate of population growth, through influx of immigrants, exaggerated real estate values etc. Nonetheless, housing according to Aduwo 2011, Daramola 2006 et al is the measure of the level of housing inadequacy and its quality. According to pelu Awofeso, one out of every two Nigerians now live in a city leaving limited infrastructure to be engulfed by millions of individuals.In his report he stated that 16 million housing units would have to be provided to address the shortage in urban shelters since the inflow of people supersedes the rate at which affordable housing is being constructed. Housing however, according to Abbas Olukunmi Owoade, 2007 quoting Tannerfeldt and Ljung ‘06)does not only relate to provision of houses but also basic infrastructure of a neighbourhood as well as schools clinics , recreational facilities and other amenities. CASE STUDY:LAGOSThe city of Lagos was first inhibited before the 15th century and grew from a typical small fishing and farming settlement due to certain factors such as, the constru ction of the railway in 1895 that linked the city, the hinterland and the port with the development of the Lagos harbour. In the twinkle of an eye, Lagos became the centre of trade and commerce bringing migrants from every nook and cranny. As the population increased so did the spatial expansion which posed a great deal of problems especially housing development. kehinde George, 2002). Population explosion in lagos became noticeable after 1950 amongst other reason, it was the national capital and in ’67 became a state on its own attracting funds from both the federal and state government there by introducing more migrants. However, Over 90 per cent of the typical housing standard is being provided by the private sector and individual efforts bringing about a gap between its demand and supply finding expression in the cost of rented values that eventually leads to vercrowding, growth of slums and rise in the number of substandard housing (Owoade,Abiodun ‘97). Two major f actors that accounted for the rapid growth in lagos can tied to net migration and natural increase According to the old United Nations university website, prior to 1928, planned residential areas in Lagos were limited. They included Ikoyi, which was a reservation area for expatriates who were colonial administrators and executives of foreign firms, and had a population of 4,000, or 3 per cent of the population of the city in 1931.Apapa, Ebute Meta, and Yaba, with a combined population of 22,000, or 17 per cent of the total, also had some element of planning, in the sense that road networks in Ebute Meta and Yaba were laid out on a grid and residential development was confined to the blocks within the road pattern. On Lagos Island, apart from the areas around the racecourse and marina, the indigenous housing was unplanned and was left to develop haphazardly, with houses built quite close together.Such overcrowded, unhealthy housing and poor environmental conditions stimulated the rap id spread of influenza epidemics and bubonic plague, which ravaged the city between 1924 and 1930. These led to the emergence, in 1928, of the pioneer planning authority in Nigeria, the Lagos Executive Development Board (LEDB), which embarked on slum clearance and the relocation of families from the Island to the Mainland (Oko Awo scheme) and since then, the activities of planning authorities have assumed considerable importance in metropolitan Lagos.The government of Nigeria has interceded at different times to solve housing problems with particular focus on Lagos by providing housing units as well as establishing site and service programmes to make available plots of lands to individual to build their own houses, the period 1979-1983 under the Jakande administration witnessed a massive housing development programme. evertheless, These programmes had little impact in that it provided limited number of housing units with a major setback in the year 1994 due to increase in price of b uilding materials. Thus, making a considerable number of Lagosians lack â€Å"shelter† a basic need of human existence. The wide gap between the supply of and the demand for has operated in escalating house rents, rent edict were promulgated to reduce this hardship by working population .In 1973 for instance the mid-west state government proclaimed an edict which limited the maximum rent payable on dwelling units. However, such edicts have not been effective in arresting increase in house rents (Josephine Abiodun,1976) Planned housing schemes in metropolitan Lagos |Housing agency |Scheme |Remarks | |Lagos Executive Development |Slum clearance of Central Lagos, 1955 to|1,847 families housed in Surulere. ,337 families resettled | |Board, 1955 -1975 |early 1960s, Olowogbowo Rehousing |in low-income rented houses. Subsidized by Ministry of Lagos| | |Scheme, Lagos Housing Scheme |Affairs | |   |Other housing schemes in Surulere |14,537 family units (dwellings) provided.In all, 128,800 | | | |people were provided with housing | |Lagos State Development and |Resettlement of slum dwellers from |1,000 families housed | |Property Corporation (LSDPC), |Central Lagos to Ogba and low-income | | |1972-1979 |housing in Isolo | | |Federal housing |Under 1975-1980 and 1981-1985 plan |6,000 housing units | | |periods | | |LSDPC, 1979 to date |Low-income housing |16,878 housing units | |   |Medium-income housing |1,790 housing units | Source: LSDPCIn Lagos, like elsewhere in Nigeria the access to privately owned housing units through traditional channels has made it immensely possible for a relatively large number of people to be house owners at certain cost which includes the sale of the same plot to more than one buyer owing to a lack of a comprehensive land register and sometimes conflict over rights of ownership between the state and private individuals or family groups or between members of families â€Å"omo onile† (owoade, abiodun ‘97). However , over 60% of these residents are under a tenement kind of arrangement constructed by â€Å"absentee landlord† with this kind of arrangement ending abruptly due to unforeseen evictions(Owoade, abiodun et al) The issue of land acquisition at the same time is far more complex because government acquired land is rarely made available or affordable for the average or even made accessible due to lack of basic infrastructure.Alternatively, in order to live closer to job opportunities there’s need for settling in centrally located pieces of abandoned land left due to unsuitability for housing either for being along railway paths or under high tension electric cable or marshy lands. (Owoade ’07, Tannerfeldt and Ljung 2006). David Owoade in his report emphatically stated that the Problems of rapid urbanization have increased and become more glaring as the cities expand and many attempts to curb these problems have not achieved the desired results. Housing continued to be supplied through informal self-help landlords and a majority of tenants live in homes with unsecured tenure while many holders find home in slums and shantytowns. Examples include Ajegunle, Makoko, Badiya, Maroko etc.Those that have been fortunate enough to build their houses on the periphery of the cities (ota in sango) have to live without basic services and infrastructures such as clean water, sewers, electricity and roads. In 1976, it was estimated that 111000 residential houses were available in Lagos to provide accommodation for a population of 3. 2 million keeping it at an average of 28 persons per building. By 19080, it had gotten worse with 30 persons living in a building and it was further projected that 2 per cent of the population lived in self-contained buildings leaving the remaining 98 % to rooming accommodations connoting shared facilities like the kitchen and the toilet.It was further estimated that by the year 2000, a total number of 1. 5 million housing units wou ld be needed to cater to fast growing population. It is no surprise that there is no more land for the government to build that they have resulted in sand filling of certain areas ( Raji Rasaki, 1988). However an updated article by lookman oshodi,2010 quoting the Lagos ministry of housing 2010 brings the demography to a total number of 91% of the total population living in the metropolis, about 20,000 persons per square kilometre in the built up areas. The occupancy ratio however are 8-10 persons per room with 72. 5% of household occupying one room apartment’s . ince the rate of growth in Lagos has assumed a geometric progression the provision of houses has never been commensurate leading to decay in structure either by quantity or quality. Hence, multiplying the number of inhibited slums from 42 in the year 1985 to over a hundred in 2010. (slums and squatter settlement)also, this â€Å"urban poor† pay house rents that are almost 50-70% of their income since most accom modations as earlier said are provided by private landlords. Thus, dividing the metropolis into classes such as low income/high density, medium income/medium density, high income /low density. (Lawanson 2007, lookman oshodi 2010) The population in Lagos seems to growing each day with its problems. onetheless, according to aduwo,2011 quoting (Okupe, 2002; Oruwari, 2006), Public housing was birthed as a solution to the proliferation of slums and squatter settlements but Housing specialists have revealed that public housing has failed to provide decent housing, claiming that it has succeeded in segregating tenants by income, race, and that it has isolated residents from the larger community. However, all these problems have resulted in overcrowding of buildings leaving room for no access, urban sprawl, lack of open spaces, high cost of building materials etc. [pic] Population in lagos Source: case study of lagos:geography and climate [pic] Source: case study of lagos:geography and clim ate Reference 1.MANAGING METROPOLITAN LAGOS ,Raji Rasaki ,Inaugural Programme of the Africa leadership forum, 1988 2. HOUSING TRANSFORMATION AND ITS IMPACT ON NEIGHBOURHOODS IN SELECTED LOW-INCOME PUBLIC HOUSING ESTATES IN LAGOS, NIGERIA: A PhD Thesis: Egidario Bridgette ADUWO,2011 3. THE IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON HOUSING DEVELOPMENT: The Lagos Experience, Nigeria. ;Aluko O. E; Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management ; Vol. 3 No. 3 2010 4. PUBLIC HOUSING DELIVERY IN NIGERIA: PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES; World congress on Housing Transforming Housing Environments through the Design south Africa, L. M Olayiwola, O Adeleye & L Ogunshakin, 2005 5.CHALLENGES AND GROWTH OF DEVELOPMET IN METROPLOLITAN LAGOS, archive. unu. edu/unupress/unupbooks; old United Nations university website. 6. ANALYSIS OF THE INTERPLAY OF MIGRATION AND URBAN EXPANSION, ON HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT: THE CASE OF LAGOS by Okuneye P. A, Adebayo, K, Opeolu B. T. and F. I. Baddru; University of Agricultu re, Abeokuta and University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria 7. LAGOS: THE CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF AN EMERGENT AFRICAN MEGA CITY by Femi Olokesusi Paper Presented at the NISER Seminar Series on 5 July, 2011 8. HOUSING PROBLEMS IN NIGERIAN CITIES, Josephine Olu. Abiodun, reprinted from the town planning review, vol. 47, no. 4, October, 1976.

Zinc And Alzheimer s Disease - 1730 Words

Aluminium and Alzheimer’s Disease You may well know that aluminium, along with a number of other contaminants, can be found in your drinking water but did you know why it’s in your drinking water? More importantly, do you know if it’s even safe? Aluminium is already present in our soil and as a result will be found in untreated sources of drinking water such as wells. On top of this, aluminium compounds are also used to help remove any impurities at water treatment works. Aluminium happens to be very useful in the battle against cloudiness and bacterial content before the water enters the final stages of disinfection and treatment however, as a result of its use a residual amount remains in the water supply. The legal standard for†¦show more content†¦On post mortem, her brain was found to contain extremely high levels of Aluminium. To give you an idea of just how high; Carole Cross’s brain contained roughly 23 micrograms of aluminium for every gram of brain compared to what are consider ed normal levels of 0-2micrograms per gram of brain. Professor Chris Exley was the man called in to carry out the examination on her brain and as a result of the findings was convinced that aluminium and Alzheimer’s disease were linked quite strongly with the metal playing a vital role in the early onset and hurried progression of the neurological disease. Professor Chris Exley, a world famous aluminium expert, had hoped the inquest would highlight just how little we know about the safety of one of the most prolific metals on the planet. Prof Exley has explained that aluminium, added to nearly everything we eat, drink, inject and absorb is classed as a neurotoxin at high levels. Yet despite this, no one actually knows whether the amount of aluminium we’re ingesting is a safe amount. In spite of hundreds of publications demonstrating that the aluminum isn’t safe, there haven’t been any real investigations into the subject of aluminium accumulation in the body. Exley, a professor of Inorganic Chemistry at Keele University, Staffordshire, has been researching the subject of aluminium for over a quarter of a century. Accumulation of aluminium; a riskShow MoreRelatedEssential Nutrients For Creating Healthy Brains862 Words   |  4 Pagesmolecules). Higher levels of vitamin E correspond with less cognitive decline as you get older and also delay the progression of Alzheimer. Vitamin K Vitamin K can help to prevent Alzheimer’s. One of the major functions of vitamin K is to regulate calcium in bones and in the brain age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s disease. Thiamin Thiamin (B1) helps the body convert carbohydrates into energy nervous system to function properly. 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It would be unsettling to learn there might be a little known disease that affects virtually all people at some point in their lives that prove to be one of the worst if not the worst disease to afflict human beings. The impossibly crazy idea is that current research indicates that testosterone deficiency (aka low T) warrants consideration for worst disease status. TestosteroneRead MoreHerbal Remedies : A Natural Antibiotic And Immune Booster1952 Words   |  8 Pagesas bacteria, (unlike conventional antibiotics) so you may actually be able to naturall y treat certain conditions that would not be treated at all by mainstream doctors. Guide to Herbal Remedies: Using Garlic For the purpose of herbal remedies, it s very important to use fresh, raw garlic. Older fresh garlic, like the type that comes in a jar, is much less potent, and garlic powder has very few health benefits. Buy cloves of fresh garlic in the produce section of almost any supermarket. 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